1 00:00:04,150 --> 00:00:02,790 hi thanks for joining us here in the 2 00:00:06,230 --> 00:00:04,160 international space station flight 3 00:00:08,629 --> 00:00:06,240 control room i'm here with 4 00:00:14,709 --> 00:00:08,639 capcom hal getzelman and we are excited 5 00:00:20,390 --> 00:00:17,910 hi i'm victoria and my question today is 6 00:00:24,390 --> 00:00:20,400 what jobs and duties do you perform in 7 00:00:31,910 --> 00:00:28,230 so i'm a capsule communicator and my job 8 00:00:34,389 --> 00:00:31,920 is to talk to the crew on orbit and what 9 00:00:36,310 --> 00:00:34,399 i do is i listen to all the 10 00:00:38,790 --> 00:00:36,320 conversations that the experts are 11 00:00:41,350 --> 00:00:38,800 having here on the ground and then i 12 00:00:43,590 --> 00:00:41,360 work together with the flight director 13 00:00:45,830 --> 00:00:43,600 and then explain it to the crew on orbit 14 00:00:47,830 --> 00:00:45,840 exactly what's going on and try to 15 00:00:49,590 --> 00:00:47,840 understand what they need to know and 16 00:01:03,349 --> 00:00:49,600 give that information in a way that's 17 00:01:06,950 --> 00:01:05,109 what tests are they performing on the 18 00:01:09,429 --> 00:01:06,960 international space station for sending 19 00:01:11,270 --> 00:01:09,439 people to mars 20 00:01:13,750 --> 00:01:11,280 well we're performing a lot of 21 00:01:17,109 --> 00:01:13,760 activities on board and a lot of those 22 00:01:19,429 --> 00:01:17,119 will help us learn the skills and 23 00:01:21,510 --> 00:01:19,439 and test the equipment that we'll need 24 00:01:24,230 --> 00:01:21,520 a good example is 25 00:01:27,350 --> 00:01:24,240 exposure to radiation our crews carry 26 00:01:30,550 --> 00:01:27,360 around dosimeters little devices that 27 00:01:32,550 --> 00:01:30,560 measure their radiation exposure and we 28 00:01:34,710 --> 00:01:32,560 track that throughout the mission 29 00:01:37,109 --> 00:01:34,720 also we have equipment on board that 30 00:01:39,270 --> 00:01:37,119 removes carbon dioxide 31 00:01:41,990 --> 00:01:39,280 we have equipment that takes water and 32 00:01:43,910 --> 00:01:42,000 separates it into hydrogen and oxygen so 33 00:01:45,670 --> 00:01:43,920 the crew will have something to breathe 34 00:01:47,910 --> 00:01:45,680 we also are 35 00:01:48,870 --> 00:01:47,920 obviously put on board provisions of 36 00:01:49,990 --> 00:01:48,880 food 37 00:01:51,749 --> 00:01:50,000 and 38 00:01:53,910 --> 00:01:51,759 clothing that they would of course need 39 00:01:57,350 --> 00:01:53,920 for their trip to mars so we are 40 00:01:59,429 --> 00:01:57,360 learning to live for uh six months at a 41 00:02:01,670 --> 00:01:59,439 time we're going to have one mission in 42 00:02:03,910 --> 00:02:01,680 the near future for one year 43 00:02:05,749 --> 00:02:03,920 on orbit and of course as you might 44 00:02:07,749 --> 00:02:05,759 suspect to go to mars is going to take 45 00:02:10,229 --> 00:02:07,759 us anywhere from a year to two and a 46 00:02:13,190 --> 00:02:10,239 half years a round trip so we need to 47 00:02:14,630 --> 00:02:13,200 get quite a bit of experience in this 48 00:02:23,110 --> 00:02:14,640 in this 49 00:02:27,510 --> 00:02:25,910 hi my name is my question today is how 50 00:02:29,190 --> 00:02:27,520 much does it cost to send a machine into 51 00:02:30,150 --> 00:02:29,200 space 52 00:02:33,030 --> 00:02:30,160 well it 53 00:02:34,949 --> 00:02:33,040 costs a lot of money uh when the space 54 00:02:37,110 --> 00:02:34,959 shuttle program was going on it was 55 00:02:40,070 --> 00:02:37,120 about four and a half billion dollars a 56 00:02:43,030 --> 00:02:40,080 year uh program itself 57 00:02:44,470 --> 00:02:43,040 but everything costs uh an extraordinary 58 00:02:47,270 --> 00:02:44,480 amount of money 59 00:02:48,150 --> 00:02:47,280 because we don't have the ability to go 60 00:02:50,390 --> 00:02:48,160 to the 61 00:02:53,030 --> 00:02:50,400 the the corner hardware store to get 62 00:02:55,509 --> 00:02:53,040 spare parts and so all of our equipment 63 00:02:58,229 --> 00:02:55,519 has to go through rigorous uh design and 64 00:03:00,149 --> 00:02:58,239 testing and uh a lot of people get 65 00:03:01,910 --> 00:03:00,159 involved with that and so therefore it's 66 00:03:04,550 --> 00:03:01,920 very expensive so 67 00:03:07,430 --> 00:03:04,560 um you're talking millions and billions 68 00:03:09,830 --> 00:03:07,440 of dollars to do things that uh on earth 69 00:03:12,630 --> 00:03:09,840 would cost much less but because we're 70 00:03:14,229 --> 00:03:12,640 in space they do cost a considerable 71 00:03:16,070 --> 00:03:14,239 amount of money 72 00:03:17,750 --> 00:03:16,080 but we should also add that we learn a 73 00:03:19,670 --> 00:03:17,760 lot from doing that and there's a lot of 74 00:03:21,750 --> 00:03:19,680 technologies that we use on earth in our 75 00:03:22,949 --> 00:03:21,760 everyday lives that have come from that 76 00:03:26,229 --> 00:03:22,959 investment in the things that we're 77 00:03:28,949 --> 00:03:26,239 developing for spaceflight 78 00:03:31,670 --> 00:03:28,959 absolutely a lot of the technologies of 79 00:03:33,830 --> 00:03:31,680 mineral miniaturization of taking very 80 00:03:36,630 --> 00:03:33,840 large computers and shrinking them down 81 00:03:39,270 --> 00:03:36,640 to where we see today that effort was 82 00:03:41,030 --> 00:03:39,280 all begun because we needed computers 83 00:03:43,509 --> 00:03:41,040 that were small enough to fit in our 84 00:03:45,270 --> 00:03:43,519 spacecraft to go to the moon 85 00:03:47,670 --> 00:03:45,280 and things like the cell phones that 86 00:03:49,190 --> 00:03:47,680 they use smartphones and even some of 87 00:03:51,509 --> 00:03:49,200 the sports equipment that probably some 88 00:03:56,309 --> 00:03:51,519 of you kids use have all sometimes have 89 00:03:59,750 --> 00:03:58,630 thank you 90 00:04:02,710 --> 00:03:59,760 all right so 91 00:04:05,270 --> 00:04:02,720 my name is jack and i was wondering 92 00:04:08,149 --> 00:04:05,280 what do you do for communication systems 93 00:04:10,309 --> 00:04:08,159 um with um permission tool too with the 94 00:04:13,030 --> 00:04:10,319 iss would you do if they fail in that 95 00:04:17,830 --> 00:04:15,350 okay so it's very important to us that 96 00:04:20,150 --> 00:04:17,840 we can communicate with the crew and we 97 00:04:22,310 --> 00:04:20,160 do that several different ways one way 98 00:04:25,350 --> 00:04:22,320 is of course voice communications where 99 00:04:27,670 --> 00:04:25,360 we are just talking back and forth 100 00:04:30,070 --> 00:04:27,680 another very important way is video 101 00:04:32,390 --> 00:04:30,080 where we actually see the crew and see 102 00:04:34,550 --> 00:04:32,400 what they're doing and we can observe 103 00:04:38,230 --> 00:04:34,560 where they're at in a particular like an 104 00:04:40,870 --> 00:04:38,240 extra vehicular activity a space walk 105 00:04:42,550 --> 00:04:40,880 and also we get a lot of telemetry data 106 00:04:43,830 --> 00:04:42,560 that's coming down from the space 107 00:04:46,070 --> 00:04:43,840 station 108 00:04:48,469 --> 00:04:46,080 so we can see the status of systems and 109 00:04:51,110 --> 00:04:48,479 all that all that communication is very 110 00:04:53,590 --> 00:04:51,120 important to us and so we have quite a 111 00:04:56,469 --> 00:04:53,600 bit of redundancy in the system so we 112 00:04:58,710 --> 00:04:56,479 have two separate strings of equipment 113 00:05:01,510 --> 00:04:58,720 for the voice we recently upgraded the 114 00:05:03,029 --> 00:05:01,520 communication system to allow voice 115 00:05:05,110 --> 00:05:03,039 through our 116 00:05:07,670 --> 00:05:05,120 a different frequency band than what we 117 00:05:09,749 --> 00:05:07,680 were using before so we actually have 118 00:05:11,990 --> 00:05:09,759 four different channels of 119 00:05:14,390 --> 00:05:12,000 communications we can talk to the crew 120 00:05:18,629 --> 00:05:14,400 the russian segment has its individual 121 00:05:20,469 --> 00:05:18,639 system of vhf communications 122 00:05:23,909 --> 00:05:20,479 so together we have quite a bit of 123 00:05:26,469 --> 00:05:23,919 redundancy so if one system should fail 124 00:05:29,189 --> 00:05:26,479 we can continue to talk to the crew 125 00:05:38,070 --> 00:05:29,199 in sort of a reduced effective way and 126 00:05:41,350 --> 00:05:40,629 hello my name is cherry and my question 127 00:05:44,150 --> 00:05:41,360 is 128 00:05:46,150 --> 00:05:44,160 what happens if an asteroid comes like 129 00:05:48,469 --> 00:05:46,160 shooting towards international space 130 00:05:50,070 --> 00:05:48,479 station 131 00:05:52,310 --> 00:05:50,080 well that's a very good question because 132 00:05:54,070 --> 00:05:52,320 i'm sure many of you have seen on 133 00:05:56,629 --> 00:05:54,080 television 134 00:05:58,469 --> 00:05:56,639 an asteroid that came into the 135 00:06:00,070 --> 00:05:58,479 atmosphere over 136 00:06:02,710 --> 00:06:00,080 a russian city 137 00:06:04,469 --> 00:06:02,720 and so it's getting a lot of thought 138 00:06:06,469 --> 00:06:04,479 in the space station 139 00:06:09,029 --> 00:06:06,479 we're able to track 140 00:06:11,830 --> 00:06:09,039 most large objects that are in orbit 141 00:06:14,469 --> 00:06:11,840 around the earth and any time 142 00:06:17,510 --> 00:06:14,479 that one of those knowned items 143 00:06:19,909 --> 00:06:17,520 is going to cl pass close to the space 144 00:06:22,230 --> 00:06:19,919 station we try to move the space station 145 00:06:25,510 --> 00:06:22,240 out of the way in other words a day or 146 00:06:27,830 --> 00:06:25,520 two prior we'll adjust the orbit by 147 00:06:30,309 --> 00:06:27,840 usually boosting it out of the way 148 00:06:33,270 --> 00:06:30,319 so that when that object passes it 149 00:06:34,390 --> 00:06:33,280 passes well clear now asteroids are a 150 00:06:36,870 --> 00:06:34,400 little different 151 00:06:39,029 --> 00:06:36,880 because they are not as well known and 152 00:06:41,430 --> 00:06:39,039 as well predicted but what if we did 153 00:06:42,790 --> 00:06:41,440 know one was coming close we could take 154 00:06:44,390 --> 00:06:42,800 actions to 155 00:06:55,670 --> 00:06:44,400 maneuver the space station out of the 156 00:06:59,749 --> 00:06:57,749 hi my name is ally and my question is 157 00:07:01,670 --> 00:06:59,759 how are the satellites powered so long 158 00:07:03,749 --> 00:07:01,680 without having any pores 159 00:07:06,629 --> 00:07:03,759 and do you control any satellites from 160 00:07:10,870 --> 00:07:09,189 okay well again that's a interesting 161 00:07:13,749 --> 00:07:10,880 question 162 00:07:15,189 --> 00:07:13,759 in most of our satellites that orbit 163 00:07:17,510 --> 00:07:15,199 around the earth 164 00:07:19,510 --> 00:07:17,520 they have solar panels solar collectors 165 00:07:21,189 --> 00:07:19,520 and that produces the electricity they 166 00:07:22,790 --> 00:07:21,199 need 167 00:07:25,430 --> 00:07:22,800 for further 168 00:07:27,670 --> 00:07:25,440 stability in that system they also have 169 00:07:30,150 --> 00:07:27,680 batteries and so the solar panels 170 00:07:33,029 --> 00:07:30,160 collect the electricity 171 00:07:34,469 --> 00:07:33,039 that's converted sunlight and charge up 172 00:07:37,749 --> 00:07:34,479 the batteries and even when the 173 00:07:40,230 --> 00:07:37,759 satellites go in the shade of the earth 174 00:07:42,309 --> 00:07:40,240 because remember as they are in orbit 175 00:07:44,869 --> 00:07:42,319 around the earth a lot of times and the 176 00:07:47,589 --> 00:07:44,879 same with our space station when we go 177 00:07:49,990 --> 00:07:47,599 on the side opposite the sun we're in 178 00:07:51,029 --> 00:07:50,000 the shade so we use the battery power 179 00:07:53,110 --> 00:07:51,039 for that 180 00:07:55,990 --> 00:07:53,120 some satellites uh 181 00:07:57,350 --> 00:07:56,000 like the rover on mars actually use 182 00:07:59,189 --> 00:07:57,360 nuclear power 183 00:08:02,790 --> 00:07:59,199 and they have a 184 00:08:05,670 --> 00:08:02,800 isotope that is fairly hot and they use 185 00:08:07,270 --> 00:08:05,680 a thermocouple device to harvest that 186 00:08:08,710 --> 00:08:07,280 heat energy and convert it into 187 00:08:10,469 --> 00:08:08,720 electricity 188 00:08:12,629 --> 00:08:10,479 so that's why they don't need the cords 189 00:08:15,749 --> 00:08:12,639 or anything and i think the second part 190 00:08:18,309 --> 00:08:15,759 of your question is we don't directly 191 00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:18,319 today control any satellites from the 192 00:08:23,029 --> 00:08:21,120 space station we have launched a few 193 00:08:25,350 --> 00:08:23,039 small satellites 194 00:08:27,430 --> 00:08:25,360 and the crew has released those from the 195 00:08:29,749 --> 00:08:27,440 space station and then just they're 196 00:08:39,029 --> 00:08:29,759 passive they just orbit until they 197 00:08:43,670 --> 00:08:41,430 hi my name is asha and my question for 198 00:08:45,590 --> 00:08:43,680 you today is what is your treatment and 199 00:08:48,710 --> 00:08:45,600 how many years does it give you become 200 00:08:53,990 --> 00:08:51,910 well um it starts way back when right 201 00:08:55,990 --> 00:08:54,000 when you guys are there 202 00:08:57,990 --> 00:08:56,000 all of our astronauts are excellent 203 00:08:59,430 --> 00:08:58,000 students they're excellent learners and 204 00:09:01,990 --> 00:08:59,440 they excel 205 00:09:03,110 --> 00:09:02,000 and thrive on learning and accumulating 206 00:09:04,310 --> 00:09:03,120 knowledge 207 00:09:07,750 --> 00:09:04,320 and 208 00:09:10,389 --> 00:09:07,760 they have done that their whole life 209 00:09:13,110 --> 00:09:10,399 most of our astronauts are in their 30s 210 00:09:15,030 --> 00:09:13,120 by the time they get selected to become 211 00:09:18,070 --> 00:09:15,040 astronauts they're picked from 212 00:09:19,509 --> 00:09:18,080 a large pool of volunteers 213 00:09:22,550 --> 00:09:19,519 and we're trying to pick the best 214 00:09:25,030 --> 00:09:22,560 candidates for those jobs 215 00:09:26,389 --> 00:09:25,040 and it doesn't we have a lot of 216 00:09:28,310 --> 00:09:26,399 different 217 00:09:31,430 --> 00:09:28,320 ideas they're not all 218 00:09:34,230 --> 00:09:31,440 test pilots some are doctors some are 219 00:09:35,829 --> 00:09:34,240 geologists some are oceanographers so 220 00:09:39,750 --> 00:09:35,839 they come from a lot of different 221 00:09:42,389 --> 00:09:39,760 scientific and technical backgrounds 222 00:09:44,389 --> 00:09:42,399 once they're picked to be an astronaut 223 00:09:46,310 --> 00:09:44,399 it takes about a year and a half to do 224 00:09:48,470 --> 00:09:46,320 the basic training 225 00:09:51,110 --> 00:09:48,480 and then they go on to advanced training 226 00:09:53,350 --> 00:09:51,120 which probably will take another year 227 00:09:55,110 --> 00:09:53,360 before they're assigned to a mission 228 00:09:57,509 --> 00:09:55,120 and once they're assigned to a mission 229 00:09:59,910 --> 00:09:57,519 it takes another two and a half years 230 00:10:02,470 --> 00:09:59,920 before they're actually 231 00:10:04,310 --> 00:10:02,480 on board the space station so 232 00:10:07,030 --> 00:10:04,320 actually you can see that's about five 233 00:10:08,949 --> 00:10:07,040 to six years of training uh once they're 234 00:10:11,269 --> 00:10:08,959 selected as astronauts 235 00:10:13,350 --> 00:10:11,279 some uh have been around as long as ten 236 00:10:15,190 --> 00:10:13,360 years before they fly 237 00:10:15,990 --> 00:10:15,200 and i think uh part of the question what 238 00:10:20,710 --> 00:10:16,000 what 239 00:10:22,310 --> 00:10:20,720 and a lot of that i think folks would be 240 00:10:25,030 --> 00:10:22,320 surprised they have a lot of classroom 241 00:10:26,470 --> 00:10:25,040 training too so just like you in school 242 00:10:27,990 --> 00:10:26,480 there are a lot of times studying in a 243 00:10:29,590 --> 00:10:28,000 classroom setting 244 00:10:31,190 --> 00:10:29,600 with book studying trying to learn the 245 00:10:33,509 --> 00:10:31,200 systems the space station systems how 246 00:10:35,269 --> 00:10:33,519 how all the different 247 00:10:37,509 --> 00:10:35,279 oxygen systems 248 00:10:38,949 --> 00:10:37,519 thermal systems all those things work so 249 00:10:41,350 --> 00:10:38,959 some of it's similar to what you do and 250 00:10:42,949 --> 00:10:41,360 then other times they're in a a mock-up 251 00:10:44,230 --> 00:10:42,959 which is kind of like a pretend space 252 00:10:45,910 --> 00:10:44,240 station and that's where they're 253 00:10:48,310 --> 00:10:45,920 rehearsing the procedures and learning 254 00:10:50,550 --> 00:10:48,320 how to work with the team 255 00:10:52,870 --> 00:10:50,560 other thoughts hell 256 00:10:54,710 --> 00:10:52,880 no that's uh that's quite true um and 257 00:10:57,110 --> 00:10:54,720 also they have to do a lot of language 258 00:10:59,350 --> 00:10:57,120 training since our astronauts are 259 00:11:01,829 --> 00:10:59,360 working with russian crew members and 260 00:11:03,829 --> 00:11:01,839 mission control in moscow often 261 00:11:06,949 --> 00:11:03,839 communicates in russian 262 00:11:08,710 --> 00:11:06,959 they need a to be competent russian 263 00:11:17,670 --> 00:11:08,720 speakers so 264 00:11:22,630 --> 00:11:20,069 hello my name is andy my questions for 265 00:11:25,829 --> 00:11:22,640 today is since all space shuttles have 266 00:11:28,630 --> 00:11:25,839 been decommissioned how do you get 267 00:11:31,190 --> 00:11:28,640 supplies food and people of the space 268 00:11:35,590 --> 00:11:33,030 okay well that's a good question because 269 00:11:36,949 --> 00:11:35,600 obviously the crew cannot get by without 270 00:11:38,630 --> 00:11:36,959 food and water 271 00:11:39,670 --> 00:11:38,640 and we have 272 00:11:42,949 --> 00:11:39,680 several 273 00:11:45,750 --> 00:11:42,959 resupply cargo ships we have the 274 00:11:47,190 --> 00:11:45,760 progress which is a russian 275 00:11:50,069 --> 00:11:47,200 cargo vehicle 276 00:11:52,470 --> 00:11:50,079 we have the atv the aryan transfer 277 00:11:55,350 --> 00:11:52,480 vehicle which one was just launched out 278 00:11:57,590 --> 00:11:55,360 of french guiana here yesterday it's a 279 00:12:00,310 --> 00:11:57,600 very large cargo vehicles bringing up a 280 00:12:03,590 --> 00:12:00,320 lot of food and water and spare parts 281 00:12:06,470 --> 00:12:03,600 we have the dragon space capsule 282 00:12:07,509 --> 00:12:06,480 from a private firm of spacex and the 283 00:12:09,990 --> 00:12:07,519 cygnus 284 00:12:13,350 --> 00:12:10,000 cargo vehicle will be coming up this 285 00:12:16,150 --> 00:12:13,360 fall sometime and also we have the htv 286 00:12:18,629 --> 00:12:16,160 which is a japanese cargo vehicle so we 287 00:12:21,269 --> 00:12:18,639 have several cargo vehicles available to 288 00:12:23,590 --> 00:12:21,279 us to bring up that food and water now 289 00:12:26,230 --> 00:12:23,600 that the space shuttle is retired our 290 00:12:28,470 --> 00:12:26,240 only vehicle to actually bring the crew 291 00:12:31,750 --> 00:12:28,480 up is a russian-built vehicle called the 292 00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:31,760 soyuz it carries a crew of three and 293 00:12:37,829 --> 00:12:34,240 we're hoping with commercial crew and 294 00:12:39,350 --> 00:12:37,839 with our orion program to develop a new 295 00:12:41,670 --> 00:12:39,360 launch vehicle 296 00:12:50,710 --> 00:12:41,680 an american-built vehicle that can also 297 00:12:55,430 --> 00:12:53,190 hi i'm annie um what has been the most 298 00:12:57,990 --> 00:12:55,440 memorable or exciting moment for you to 299 00:13:00,389 --> 00:12:58,000 in the control center 300 00:13:03,670 --> 00:13:00,399 well for me personally um 301 00:13:05,990 --> 00:13:03,680 you know we have uh sort of busy times 302 00:13:07,350 --> 00:13:06,000 and we have times that are not quite so 303 00:13:10,710 --> 00:13:07,360 busy so 304 00:13:14,550 --> 00:13:10,720 i think of myself the most exciting time 305 00:13:16,069 --> 00:13:14,560 for me was when we brought up node 3 306 00:13:17,509 --> 00:13:16,079 and the cupola 307 00:13:20,069 --> 00:13:17,519 and we attached that to the 308 00:13:22,629 --> 00:13:20,079 international space station that was the 309 00:13:25,269 --> 00:13:22,639 last major um 310 00:13:27,190 --> 00:13:25,279 item that was going to be attached to 311 00:13:30,550 --> 00:13:27,200 the space station there was a few other 312 00:13:32,310 --> 00:13:30,560 experiments and a a sort of big closet 313 00:13:35,190 --> 00:13:32,320 that we brought up later but this was 314 00:13:37,829 --> 00:13:35,200 the last big module and to be part of 315 00:13:39,350 --> 00:13:37,839 that mission and see that this face 316 00:13:41,990 --> 00:13:39,360 space station would 317 00:13:44,629 --> 00:13:42,000 finally be completed was a very exciting 318 00:13:45,670 --> 00:13:44,639 moment for me it was kind of like seeing 319 00:13:52,710 --> 00:13:45,680 the 320 00:13:55,189 --> 00:13:52,720 first become operational finally finish 321 00:13:57,030 --> 00:13:55,199 its initial construction and be cleared 322 00:13:58,470 --> 00:13:57,040 operational so that was a very exciting 323 00:14:00,790 --> 00:13:58,480 time for me 324 00:14:02,949 --> 00:14:00,800 yeah i'm sure that michael has told you 325 00:14:05,030 --> 00:14:02,959 guys the space station is as big as a 326 00:14:07,110 --> 00:14:05,040 football field it's really really huge 327 00:14:08,230 --> 00:14:07,120 and hard to imagine in space but it had 328 00:14:10,310 --> 00:14:08,240 to be built 329 00:14:12,150 --> 00:14:10,320 piece by piece with different modules 330 00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:12,160 being flown up some of those modules 331 00:14:15,829 --> 00:14:14,160 were built in other countries and they 332 00:14:17,670 --> 00:14:15,839 were all brought up there individually 333 00:14:19,430 --> 00:14:17,680 and pieced together so 334 00:14:21,030 --> 00:14:19,440 for people like hal who've worked on it 335 00:14:23,509 --> 00:14:21,040 for a long time and been a part of it to 336 00:14:24,870 --> 00:14:23,519 see it being built over years it was 337 00:14:27,189 --> 00:14:24,880 probably a big deal to see it come 338 00:14:29,030 --> 00:14:27,199 together and the cupola of course is a 339 00:14:31,670 --> 00:14:29,040 special piece because it has all the 340 00:14:33,110 --> 00:14:31,680 windows so that's a favorite spot for 341 00:14:35,829 --> 00:14:33,120 the astronauts on the space station 342 00:14:37,829 --> 00:14:35,839 where they go and and literally 343 00:14:39,590 --> 00:14:37,839 it's almost like going into a bay window 344 00:14:40,870 --> 00:14:39,600 where there's windows on every surface 345 00:14:41,990 --> 00:14:40,880 and they can look out and just see a 346 00:14:44,150 --> 00:14:42,000 wide wide 347 00:14:47,269 --> 00:14:44,160 panoramic view of the earth so it's a 348 00:14:50,629 --> 00:14:48,629 yeah i think uh 349 00:14:53,509 --> 00:14:50,639 back one of the books that they had us 350 00:14:56,389 --> 00:14:53,519 read when we were young was uh jules 351 00:14:58,550 --> 00:14:56,399 verne 20 000 leagues under the sea 352 00:15:00,790 --> 00:14:58,560 and his submarine had a big picture 353 00:15:02,790 --> 00:15:00,800 window in the front of the submarine and 354 00:15:04,790 --> 00:15:02,800 and so the cupola is kind of this big 355 00:15:06,230 --> 00:15:04,800 window that you get to look out at the 356 00:15:08,710 --> 00:15:06,240 earth below 357 00:15:11,430 --> 00:15:08,720 and uh i've had crew members tell me 358 00:15:14,150 --> 00:15:11,440 that uh it has such an impact on them 359 00:15:19,030 --> 00:15:14,160 that it actually brings them to tears to 360 00:15:23,990 --> 00:15:22,150 hi my name is jordan and my question is 361 00:15:27,509 --> 00:15:24,000 what is everyday life in the command 362 00:15:30,230 --> 00:15:27,519 center and the space station 363 00:15:31,990 --> 00:15:30,240 well every day is a little different as 364 00:15:33,910 --> 00:15:32,000 you might imagine 365 00:15:35,990 --> 00:15:33,920 but let me give you a thumbnail uh 366 00:15:38,870 --> 00:15:36,000 sketch of what it's like 367 00:15:41,189 --> 00:15:38,880 we operate on greenwich mean time and 368 00:15:42,949 --> 00:15:41,199 the crew gets up at about six o'clock 369 00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:42,959 greenwich mean time 370 00:15:47,910 --> 00:15:44,880 uh for us that's about 371 00:15:50,389 --> 00:15:47,920 one o'clock or midnight here in houston 372 00:15:52,389 --> 00:15:50,399 so we bring in a control team there's 373 00:15:54,150 --> 00:15:52,399 three control teams we each work about 374 00:15:56,790 --> 00:15:54,160 eight hour shifts 375 00:15:59,269 --> 00:15:56,800 and hand over to the next shift the crew 376 00:16:01,189 --> 00:15:59,279 gets up uh you know does their normal 377 00:16:03,350 --> 00:16:01,199 things awaken up and getting dressed and 378 00:16:05,030 --> 00:16:03,360 having breakfast and all that we talk to 379 00:16:07,509 --> 00:16:05,040 them first thing in the morning kind of 380 00:16:09,030 --> 00:16:07,519 tell them what's going on and and any uh 381 00:16:11,110 --> 00:16:09,040 important developments that may have 382 00:16:14,710 --> 00:16:11,120 happened while they were sleeping and 383 00:16:16,629 --> 00:16:14,720 then they start into their uh routine um 384 00:16:19,350 --> 00:16:16,639 we work really hard to keep the crew 385 00:16:22,310 --> 00:16:19,360 busy and we have them assigned tasks uh 386 00:16:24,949 --> 00:16:22,320 a basically a flow chart 387 00:16:25,910 --> 00:16:24,959 of the activities for the day and the 388 00:16:27,430 --> 00:16:25,920 crew 389 00:16:29,350 --> 00:16:27,440 works through those 390 00:16:31,509 --> 00:16:29,360 we help them with that 391 00:16:33,590 --> 00:16:31,519 we take actions on the ground to maybe 392 00:16:35,990 --> 00:16:33,600 save some equipment turn it off before 393 00:16:38,150 --> 00:16:36,000 they change out a part or something like 394 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:38,160 that and they work through till about 395 00:16:42,870 --> 00:16:40,560 lunchtime while this is going on the 396 00:16:46,150 --> 00:16:42,880 crew actually has about two and a half 397 00:16:48,310 --> 00:16:46,160 hours of exercise during the day they do 398 00:16:50,550 --> 00:16:48,320 half of their exercise would be aerobic 399 00:16:53,590 --> 00:16:50,560 that's like running or pedaling a 400 00:16:55,670 --> 00:16:53,600 bicycle the other half is strength 401 00:16:59,189 --> 00:16:55,680 training and they do that on our 402 00:17:01,590 --> 00:16:59,199 resistive exercise device and so they 403 00:17:04,470 --> 00:17:01,600 they work that into their schedule after 404 00:17:07,909 --> 00:17:04,480 lunch they have more activities 405 00:17:10,150 --> 00:17:07,919 around about 3 30 in the afternoon we 406 00:17:11,029 --> 00:17:10,160 kind of wrap up the the work day for the 407 00:17:11,990 --> 00:17:11,039 crew 408 00:17:13,189 --> 00:17:12,000 and 409 00:17:15,029 --> 00:17:13,199 then they have a 410 00:17:17,189 --> 00:17:15,039 about an hour and a half to kind of have 411 00:17:18,710 --> 00:17:17,199 supper get settled down 412 00:17:20,710 --> 00:17:18,720 take care of their own 413 00:17:22,549 --> 00:17:20,720 sort of interests and then they go to 414 00:17:23,750 --> 00:17:22,559 bed for eight hours and get up and do it 415 00:17:25,990 --> 00:17:23,760 again 416 00:17:27,909 --> 00:17:26,000 on the weekends 417 00:17:30,070 --> 00:17:27,919 saturday morning they do a lot of house 418 00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:30,080 cleaning vacuuming 419 00:17:35,190 --> 00:17:33,520 swabbing down areas of the of the uh the 420 00:17:38,310 --> 00:17:35,200 uh the hull 421 00:17:38,950 --> 00:17:38,320 and uh inspecting things um the rest of 422 00:17:41,590 --> 00:17:38,960 the 423 00:17:42,950 --> 00:17:41,600 saturday is usually uh free time for 424 00:17:44,549 --> 00:17:42,960 what they want to do 425 00:17:46,870 --> 00:17:44,559 sunday uh 426 00:17:49,029 --> 00:17:46,880 again is another uh kind of off day for 427 00:17:51,750 --> 00:17:49,039 them where they can spend some of their 428 00:17:54,630 --> 00:17:51,760 own time and then we talk to them sunday 429 00:17:56,230 --> 00:17:54,640 night and give them uh some updates on 430 00:17:59,510 --> 00:17:56,240 what will be happening the following 431 00:18:01,669 --> 00:17:59,520 week so that's kind of a typical day um 432 00:18:04,549 --> 00:18:01,679 you know there are atypical days where 433 00:18:06,950 --> 00:18:04,559 we're doing space walks or we're having 434 00:18:08,789 --> 00:18:06,960 visited vehicles come 435 00:18:10,710 --> 00:18:08,799 and they'll reach out and grab them and 436 00:18:13,110 --> 00:18:10,720 pull them in so those are kind of the 437 00:18:22,390 --> 00:18:13,120 special days but 438 00:18:28,470 --> 00:18:25,909 hi my name is hazel and how often do the 439 00:18:31,110 --> 00:18:28,480 astronauts support iss reach out and get 440 00:18:36,710 --> 00:18:34,470 well currently our uh average duration 441 00:18:38,549 --> 00:18:36,720 of the crew is about six months you know 442 00:18:41,750 --> 00:18:38,559 a few days less a few days more 443 00:18:44,950 --> 00:18:41,760 depending on a few factors 444 00:18:47,110 --> 00:18:44,960 we will have a crew coming up 445 00:18:50,549 --> 00:18:47,120 uh next year that will be up for a full 446 00:18:53,350 --> 00:18:50,559 year and that's just part of our uh data 447 00:18:55,830 --> 00:18:53,360 gathering to see the effects on the crew 448 00:19:09,990 --> 00:18:55,840 uh being in waitlist for a full year but 449 00:19:17,270 --> 00:19:12,870 have you ever had an emergency on before 450 00:19:21,909 --> 00:19:19,350 well that's a good question because as 451 00:19:24,470 --> 00:19:21,919 you might imagine we have very well 452 00:19:26,150 --> 00:19:24,480 developed procedures and actions and we 453 00:19:27,430 --> 00:19:26,160 practice quite a bit for those 454 00:19:30,230 --> 00:19:27,440 occurrences 455 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:30,240 we've had quite a few false alarms in 456 00:19:35,909 --> 00:19:32,960 other words a smoke detector 457 00:19:38,390 --> 00:19:35,919 you know will go off and we'll analyze 458 00:19:40,870 --> 00:19:38,400 the condition and decide that it was a 459 00:19:43,350 --> 00:19:40,880 faulty sensor or something like that 460 00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:43,360 we've also had what we thought was a 461 00:19:49,430 --> 00:19:46,080 contaminated atmosphere 462 00:19:52,710 --> 00:19:49,440 which was simply baking out of a 463 00:19:54,310 --> 00:19:52,720 absorbing material that had some gunk in 464 00:19:56,310 --> 00:19:54,320 it so to speak 465 00:19:59,270 --> 00:19:56,320 that smelled bad but it turned out it 466 00:20:02,149 --> 00:19:59,280 was not really harmful to the crew so no 467 00:20:04,230 --> 00:20:02,159 i've not actually been on when we've had 468 00:20:07,270 --> 00:20:04,240 a actual emergency 469 00:20:16,710 --> 00:20:07,280 and so far we haven't had any true 470 00:20:20,950 --> 00:20:18,950 hi my name is joe and my question is 471 00:20:24,710 --> 00:20:20,960 what inspired you to do your job and 472 00:20:29,110 --> 00:20:26,470 okay well when i was 473 00:20:31,190 --> 00:20:29,120 in junior high school 474 00:20:34,470 --> 00:20:31,200 the first apollo mission 475 00:20:38,310 --> 00:20:34,480 was going to the moon and it was apollo 476 00:20:41,029 --> 00:20:38,320 8 and they flew a 477 00:20:43,190 --> 00:20:41,039 racetrack around the moon they didn't 478 00:20:44,870 --> 00:20:43,200 actually land but they just flew around 479 00:20:45,750 --> 00:20:44,880 the moon and they did that 480 00:20:47,430 --> 00:20:45,760 on 481 00:20:49,510 --> 00:20:47,440 christmas eve 482 00:20:51,430 --> 00:20:49,520 and so i can remember 483 00:20:54,630 --> 00:20:51,440 being with my family 484 00:20:56,950 --> 00:20:54,640 at a christmas party at night 485 00:20:59,430 --> 00:20:56,960 watching that on tv 486 00:21:02,070 --> 00:20:59,440 and hearing from 487 00:21:03,270 --> 00:21:02,080 astronauts talking from the far side of 488 00:21:05,750 --> 00:21:03,280 the moon 489 00:21:07,270 --> 00:21:05,760 about their experiencing and reading 490 00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:07,280 from the bible 491 00:21:12,070 --> 00:21:10,320 and i thought boy that's something i'd 492 00:21:13,270 --> 00:21:12,080 really like to do 493 00:21:16,789 --> 00:21:13,280 and 494 00:21:18,470 --> 00:21:16,799 around 495 00:21:22,070 --> 00:21:18,480 preparing myself 496 00:21:24,230 --> 00:21:22,080 studying taking the courses 497 00:21:27,190 --> 00:21:24,240 learning as much as i could 498 00:21:30,549 --> 00:21:27,200 so someday i could be picked i never was 499 00:21:39,270 --> 00:21:30,559 picked but i i really enjoy working in 500 00:21:43,909 --> 00:21:40,830 hi my name 501 00:21:45,270 --> 00:21:43,919 is how hard is the training to work at 502 00:21:46,470 --> 00:21:45,280 mission control 503 00:21:47,990 --> 00:21:46,480 what schools 504 00:21:52,149 --> 00:21:48,000 did you have to go to and what was your 505 00:21:56,950 --> 00:21:54,710 well fortunate for for me 506 00:21:59,190 --> 00:21:56,960 i had a lot of experience 507 00:22:01,669 --> 00:21:59,200 in other jobs 508 00:22:03,990 --> 00:22:01,679 i was a fighter pilot in the united 509 00:22:09,909 --> 00:22:04,000 states air force for 20 years 510 00:22:14,390 --> 00:22:10,830 so 511 00:22:16,230 --> 00:22:14,400 i i was well prepared for the job now a 512 00:22:18,710 --> 00:22:16,240 lot of our folks who come and work in 513 00:22:20,070 --> 00:22:18,720 mission control are right out of college 514 00:22:20,870 --> 00:22:20,080 and so 515 00:22:23,110 --> 00:22:20,880 um 516 00:22:24,870 --> 00:22:23,120 it's a challenge 517 00:22:27,750 --> 00:22:24,880 to 518 00:22:29,750 --> 00:22:27,760 learn the precision of the business in 519 00:22:31,590 --> 00:22:29,760 other words 520 00:22:33,990 --> 00:22:31,600 sloppy work 521 00:22:36,070 --> 00:22:34,000 doesn't count for much here 522 00:22:37,110 --> 00:22:36,080 you don't get partial credit 523 00:22:39,430 --> 00:22:37,120 for 524 00:22:42,149 --> 00:22:39,440 making a good try what we really want is 525 00:22:43,270 --> 00:22:42,159 results and we want people who are 526 00:22:45,110 --> 00:22:43,280 really 527 00:22:46,070 --> 00:22:45,120 focused on the important things of the 528 00:22:48,230 --> 00:22:46,080 job 529 00:22:50,710 --> 00:22:48,240 so in that sense 530 00:22:51,990 --> 00:22:50,720 if you're well prepared it's not that 531 00:22:54,310 --> 00:22:52,000 difficult 532 00:22:57,510 --> 00:22:54,320 but it is a challenging program there's 533 00:23:00,390 --> 00:22:57,520 a lot of information to learn a lot of 534 00:23:01,750 --> 00:23:00,400 facts and figures that you must be uh 535 00:23:04,230 --> 00:23:01,760 comfortable with 536 00:23:15,350 --> 00:23:04,240 so it is a challenge for most of our 537 00:23:19,510 --> 00:23:17,270 hi my name is kendall 538 00:23:21,590 --> 00:23:19,520 my question is communication hanging so 539 00:23:26,310 --> 00:23:21,600 far away is it always easy to connect 540 00:23:31,029 --> 00:23:28,630 well this is an excellent question and 541 00:23:34,230 --> 00:23:31,039 uh i just want to say that like right 542 00:23:35,590 --> 00:23:34,240 now we're having a period of time where 543 00:23:38,230 --> 00:23:35,600 the sun is 544 00:23:40,310 --> 00:23:38,240 at a very high angle over the station 545 00:23:43,350 --> 00:23:40,320 and we're having some thermal problems 546 00:23:45,350 --> 00:23:43,360 with our ku antenna big dish antenna 547 00:23:47,750 --> 00:23:45,360 that you'd like to see 548 00:23:49,909 --> 00:23:47,760 out on the outside of your house and 549 00:23:52,310 --> 00:23:49,919 that antenna is getting too cold so we 550 00:23:55,350 --> 00:23:52,320 can't use it right now so we've not 551 00:23:58,149 --> 00:23:55,360 we're not able to get video down and 552 00:24:01,430 --> 00:23:58,159 data up to the crew so that's kind of a 553 00:24:04,390 --> 00:24:01,440 glitch um every now and then we'll have 554 00:24:06,710 --> 00:24:04,400 the com will break up and we have to 555 00:24:08,789 --> 00:24:06,720 say things twice and all that but 556 00:24:11,750 --> 00:24:08,799 normally our communications is very 557 00:24:17,029 --> 00:24:11,760 clear and very reliable but from time to 558 00:24:20,070 --> 00:24:18,630 all right and i understand that's our 559 00:24:21,990 --> 00:24:20,080 last question but we want to thank you 560 00:24:23,269 --> 00:24:22,000 guys again for taking the time to ask 561 00:24:24,950 --> 00:24:23,279 some questions and learn a little bit 562 00:24:28,070 --> 00:24:24,960 more about the space station and thank 563 00:24:29,830 --> 00:24:28,080 hal for uh joining us thanks guys hey 564 00:24:31,990 --> 00:24:29,840 thanks very much i'm sorry for the folks